Numford

Fundamental constantsClass 12, Electric Charges and Fields

Dimensional formula of Permittivity of free space

[M-1 L-3 T4 A2]

Symbolε0 SI unitfarad per metre (F/m)

The ε0 in Coulomb's law, F = q1q2/(4πε0 r²).

Derivation

How to get the dimensional formula of permittivity of free space

  1. Start from the definition: permittivity of free space = electric charge2 / (force × length2).
  2. electric charge = electric current × time, so electric charge is [A] × [T] = [T A].
  3. velocity = length / time, so velocity is [L] / [T] = [L T-1].
  4. acceleration = velocity / time, so acceleration is [L T-1] / [T] = [L T-2].
  5. force = mass × acceleration, so force is [M] × [L T-2] = [M L T-2].
  6. Put in the dimension of each part: [T A]2 / ([M L T-2] × [L]2).
  7. Add the powers of each base quantity: [M-1 L-3 T4 A2].
Practice

Three questions on permittivity of free space

1Which is the dimensional formula of permittivity of free space?

2What is the SI unit of permittivity of free space?

3Do permittivity of free space and speed of light have the same dimensions?

Try it

An equation that uses permittivity of free space

Equation checker

Matching dimensions are necessary, not sufficient. A check cannot see pure numbers such as 1/2 or 2π, so a consistent equation can still be wrong.

Read asF = q1 q2 / (4 π ε0 r2)
F[M L T-2]q1 q2 / (4 pi epsilon0 r2)[M L T-2]
Dimensionally consistentEvery term is [M L T-2]
ε0 = permittivity of free spacer = length
Questions

Permittivity of free space: quick answers

What is the dimensional formula of permittivity of free space?

The dimensional formula of permittivity of free space is [M⁻¹ L⁻³ T⁴ A²]. It comes from permittivity of free space = electric charge² / (force × length²).

What is the SI unit of permittivity of free space?

The SI unit of permittivity of free space is the farad per metre (F/m).

Is permittivity of free space dimensionless?

No. Permittivity of free space has the dimensions [M⁻¹ L⁻³ T⁴ A²].

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