Numford
Organic conversion

Nitrobenzene to aniline

1 step: reduction

Class 12, Chapter 9 Amines

  1. O−N+O
    NitrobenzeneC₆H₅NO₂Nitro compound
  2. Step 1

    Sn + conc. HCl

    i

    Metal in acid reduces the nitro group; the amine comes out as its salt, so add NaOH at the end.

    Also written: Fe + HCl; H₂, Pd (in ethanol)

    NH2
    AnilineC₆H₅NH₂Amine

Exam answer

  1. Step 1: Nitrobenzene to aniline: Sn + conc. HCl.
Why these reagents

Reagent and reason, step by step

  • Step 1: Nitrobenzene to aniline: Sn + conc. HCl Metal in acid reduces the nitro group; the amine comes out as its salt, so add NaOH at the end.
Questions

Nitrobenzene to aniline: quick answers

How many steps does it take to convert nitrobenzene to aniline?

1 step: Nitrobenzene, then aniline.

Which named reaction is used to convert nitrobenzene to aniline?

None of the steps has a name. They are reduction, so write the reagent and the condition for each step.

What is the reagent for step 1 of nitrobenzene to aniline?

Nitrobenzene to aniline: Sn + conc. HCl. Metal in acid reduces the nitro group; the amine comes out as its salt, so add NaOH at the end.

Plan your own conversion