Lead (Pb)
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p². 2 unpaired electrons, period 6, group 14, p block.
Element or ion
Type a symbol, a name or an atomic number, add a charge such as Fe3+ or Cl-, or tap an element in the table. Orbitals fill from m = −l up, spin +½ first.
PbLead, Z = 82, 207.2 u
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
In full: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 4f¹⁴ 5s² 5p⁶ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p²
- Blockp block
- Period6
- Group14
- Valence4
- Unpaired2
- MagneticPara
Last electron 6p
- n6shell
- l1p subshell
- m0orbital
- s+½spin up
Step by step
- Lead has 82 electrons.
- Fill in (n + l) order: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p².
- Write the subshells in order of n: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 4f¹⁴ 5s² 5p⁶ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p².
- Replace the xenon core with [Xe]: [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p².
Lead (Pb): the numbers
| Atomic number | 82 |
|---|---|
| Atomic mass | 207.2 u |
| Period | 6 |
| Group | 14 |
| Block | p block |
| Valence electrons | 4 |
| Unpaired electrons | 2 |
| Magnetic | paramagnetic |
| Last electron | 6p: n = 6, l = 1, m = 0, s = +1/2 |
Lead (Pb): quick answers
What is the electronic configuration of lead?
Lead has 82 electrons: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 4f¹⁴ 5s² 5p⁶ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p², or [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p² in short.
How many unpaired electrons does lead have?
Lead has 2 unpaired electrons, so it is paramagnetic. Put one electron in each box of a subshell before pairing (Hund’s rule) to see them.
What are the quantum numbers of the last electron of lead?
The last electron goes into 6p: n = 6, l = 1, m = 0, s = +1/2. Orbitals fill from m = −l up, spin +½ first.